Includes bibliographies.

The First Explorers of Nature -- Socrates: Critical Philosophy of Life -- Plato: Idealistic Rationalism -- Aristotle: Realistic Rationalism -- Epicurus: Materialism and the Life of Pleasure -- The Stoics of Greece and Rome: Materialism and Rational Control -- Plotinus: The Emanation of God in Nature -- St. Augustine and The City of God -- Erigena, St. Anselm, and Abelard: The Scholastic Problem of Universals -- St. Thomas Aquinas: Christian Aristotelianism -- St. Bonaventura and Meister Eckehart: Philosophers of Mystical Insight -- The Decline of Scholasticism: Roger Bacon, Duns Scotus, and William of Occam -- The Philosophers of The Renaissance -- Francis Bacon: Champion of Inductive Science -- Thomas Hobbes' Materialism: The Mechanics of Human Nature and Social Order -- Descartes and Systematic Rationalism -- Spinoza: Monistic Determinism and Moral Values -- Leibniz: Monadology and Theodicy -- John Locke and the Philosophy of Experience -- George Berkeley: Empiricism and Idealism -- David Hume: A Skeptical Outlook -- British Moralists of the Eighteenth Century -- The Philosophers of the French Enlightenment -- Rousseau: The Upsurge of Romanticism -- Immanuel Kant: The Critical Gate to Nineteenth-Century Philosophy -- The German Idealists After Kant -- Hegel: Dialectical Idealism -- Arthur Schopenhauer: Irrationalism and Pessimism -- Opponents of Idealism -- French Philosophers of the Romantic Period -- Auguste Comte: Positivism and Social Philosophy -- John Stuart Mill: Revival of Empiricism and Utilitarianism -- German Philosophers, 1850-1900 -- The Philosophers of Evolution -- Idealistic Reconstruction -- Pragmatism, Realism, and Other Recent Philosophical Tendencies --